Kebijakan Penal dan Non – Penal dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan Siber

Indonesia

Abstract

The rapid advancement of information and communication technology has significantly transformed various aspects of modern society. However, this transformation has also generated increasingly sophisticated forms of cybercrime that pose serious threats to individuals, businesses, and national security. Cybercrime has evolved into a transnational crime characterized by anonymity, technological complexity, and cross-border operations, making conventional criminal law enforcement insufficient. Consequently, combating cybercrime requires not only effective penal policies but also comprehensive non-penal measures emphasizing prevention and public participation. This research aims to analyze the implementation of penal and non-penal policies in combating cybercrime in Indonesia and to formulate an integrated policy framework. The study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Data were collected through library research involving legislation, legal doctrines, books, and scientific journals. The findings indicate that Indonesia has established an adequate legal framework through the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the new Criminal Code, and other sectoral regulations. Nevertheless, punitive approaches alone remain insufficient due to the rapid evolution of cyber threats. Therefore, preventive strategies such as digital literacy enhancement, cybersecurity awareness, institutional strengthening, law enforcement capacity building, and international cooperation are essential to achieving comprehensive cybercrime prevention.